Blame
Date:
Sun Nov 27 05:00:19 2022
UTC
Message:
Daily backup
010
2022-04-25
targets=Signify.Verify,Openbsd.Buyvm,Vmctl.Usage,Openbsd.Bsdrd,Vmm.Configure,Dhclient.Configure,IP.Myaddress,Hostnameif.Static,Dns.Overview,Unbound.Configure,Openbsd.Fdisk,Openbsd.Disklabel,Openbsd.Base
011
2022-04-25
text=(:title OpenBSD 7.1 Install Guide:)%0a%0aThis is a quick [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|install guide]] for [[https://openbsd.org/71.html|OpenBSD 7.1]].%0a%0a!! Before You Begin%0a%0a'''NOTE''': This guide is '''no''' substitute for reading the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/|OpenBSD FAQ]]. In particular, you should read the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|Installation Guide]] and the [[https://www.openbsd.org/71.html|release notes for 7.1]].%0a%0a!! Booting from ISO%0a%0a# First, you'll want to boot up from the install ISO. Make sure you [[signify/verify|verify the ISO]] before you install. Please consult the [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]], [[vmctl/usage|OpenBSD VMM]], or the [[Openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] install guides.\\%0a[@%0aCD-ROM: E0%0aLoading /7.1/AMD64/CDBOOT%0aprobing: pc0 com0 mem[638K 1022M a20=on]%0adisk: hd0+* cd0%0a>> OpenBSD/amd64 CDBOOT 3.53%0aboot>%0a@]%0a# At bootup, type @@boot@@, then press enter. Or wait a few seconds to boot automatically.\\%0a[@%0acannot open cd0a:/etc/random.seed: No such file or directory%0abooting cd0a:/7.1/amd64/bsd.rd: 3891908+1614848+3895112+0+708608 [109+435984+290736]=0xa57ab0%0a...%0aroot on rd0a swap on rd0b dump on rd0b%0aWARNING: CHECK AND RESET THE DATE!%0aerase ^?, werase ^W, kill ^U, intr ^C, status ^T%0a@]%0a%0a!! Installation%0a%0a[@%0aWelcome to the OpenBSD/amd64 7.1 installation program.%0a(I)nstall, (U)pgrade, (A)utoinstall or (S)hell?%0a@]%0a# Type @@i@@ for install%0a# '''NOTE''': At any time during the installation, if you make a mistake, you can type @@ctrl+c@@ to cancel the install process. Then, press @@ctrl+d@@ to bring back the installation options.\\%0a[@%0aAt any prompt except password prompts you can escape to a shell by%0atyping '!'. Default answers are shown in []'s and are selected by%0apressing RETURN. You can exit this program at any time by pressing%0aControl-C, but this can leave your system in an inconsistent state.%0a%0aTerminal type? [vt220] %0a@]%0a# If you're using [[vmm/configure|OpenBSD's VMM]], press enter to use the default terminal type (vt220).\\%0a[@%0aSystem hostname? (short form, e.g. 'foo') subdomain%0a@]%0a# Type in your system hostname. It is usually a single word. For example, if your full domain name is @@subdomain.example.com@@, type in @@subdomain@@.%0a%0a!! Configuring Networking%0a%0a[@%0aAvailable network interfaces are: vio0 vlan0.%0aWhich network interface do you wish to configure? (or 'done') [vio0] %0a@]%0a# If you're installing for a virtual machine, you are likely using [[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio0]] for your network interface (short for VirtIO). If you are using some other interface (like [[https://man.openbsd.org/em|em0)]], you may want to change the networking device to VirtIO.\\%0a[@%0aIPv4 address for vio0? (or 'autoconf' or 'none') [autoconf] 192.0.2.2%0aIPv6 address for vio0? (or 'autoconf' or 'none') [none] 2001:db8:abcd::1%0aIPv6 prefix length for vio0? [64] 48%0aAvailable network interfaces are: vio0 vlan0.%0aWhich network interface do you wish to configure? (or 'done') [done] %0aDefault IPv4 route? (IPv4 address or none) 192.0.2.1%0aadd net default: gateway 192.0.2.1%0a1) none%0aIPv6 default router? (list #, IPv6 address or 'none') 2001:db8::1%0aadd net default: gateway 2602:fccf:1::1%0a@]%0a# For server hosting, it's recommended that you statically assign the IPv4 address rather than relying on autoconf, which uses [[dhclient/configure|DHCP]].%0a# Your IP addresses, prefix length, and default gateway should be in your registration email or your provider's web panel. Type in [[IP/Myaddress|your IPv4 and IPv6 addresses]] here.%0a# autoconf (using DHCP) is not recommended. Unlike with [[hostnameif/static|static networking]], DHCP allocates IP addresses dynamically. Sometimes, routers can can change your address during a reboot, causing your DNS records to be invalid, and your users unable to connect.%0a# If you chose autoconf by accident, it can be fixed later. You can either type ctrl+c to cancel installation, then ctrl+d to restart installation, or you can finish installation, then follow the [[hostnameif/static|static networking]] guide. %0a# Your IPv6 prefix length may not be the same as your subnet length. Please double check both carefully.\\%0a[@%0aDNS domain name? (e.g. 'example.com') [my.domain] example.com%0aDNS nameservers? (IP address list or 'none') [none] 8.8.8.8%0a@]%0a# The DNS domain name will be the rest of your fully qualified domain name once you skip the subdomain. If your full hostname is @@subdomain.example.com@@, it would be @@example.com@@.%0a# Common [[dns/overview|DNS nameservers]] include 8.8.8.8 from Google, 1.1.1.1 from Cloudflare, and 9.9.9.9 from Quad9.%0a# Eventually, we recommend setting up your own [[unbound/configure|unbound caching name server]] for independence. If using unbound, you would use 127.0.0.1 as your nameserver.%0a# '''NOTE''': If you use 127.0.0.1, you will not be able to download packages for installation without using the trick described below.\\%0a%0a!! User Management%0a%0a[@%0aPassword for root account? (will not echo)%0aPassword for root account? (again)%0a@]%0a# Type in your root password twice. Note that your password will '''NOT''' be printed on the screen. It is invisible to improve security.\\%0a[@%0aStart sshd(8) by default? [yes]%0aChange the default console to com0? [yes]%0aAvailable speeds are: 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200.%0aWhich speed should com0 use? (or 'done') [115200]%0a@]%0a# You will need to start sshd by default to remotely administer the system. For the other settings, accept the default.\\%0a[@%0aSetup a user? (enter a lower-case loginname, or 'no') [no] username%0aFull name for user username? [username]%0aPassword for user username? (will not echo)%0aPassword for user username? (again)%0aWARNING: root is targeted by password guessing attacks, pubkeys are safer.%0aAllow root ssh login? (yes, no, prohibit-password) [no]%0a@]%0a# Create a username so you can avoid logging in as root. Don't allow root ssh login; disabling it will help improve security.\\%0a%0a!! Partitioning Disks%0a%0a[@%0aAvailable disks are: sd0.%0aWhich disk is the root disk? ('?' for details) [sd0] %0a@]%0a# Press @@?@@ to see information about available disks.%0a# Select the correct disk. '''WARNING''': Selecting the wrong disk may erase data forever!\\%0a[@%0aNo valid MBR or GPT.%0aUse (W)hole disk MBR, whole disk (G)PT or (E)dit? [whole]%0a@]%0a# You are encouraged to read up on [[openbsd/fdisk|fdisk]] and [[openbsd/disklabel|disklabel]]. If this is a fresh install and you have no important data on the disk, accept the default (W)hole Disk.\\%0a[@%0aSetting OpenBSD MBR partition to whole sd0...done.%0aThe auto-allocated layout for sd0 is:%0a# size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg]%0a a: 624.9M 64 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /%0a b: 1029.8M 1279840 swap %0a c: 20480.0M 0 unused %0a d: 879.8M 3388864 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /tmp%0a e: 1314.7M 5190752 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /var%0a f: 2449.8M 7883296 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr%0a g: 668.9M 12900448 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr/X11R6%0a h: 2448.7M 14270432 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr/local%0a i: 1690.0M 19285344 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr/src%0a j: 5499.9M 22746368 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr/obj%0a k: 3873.5M 34010176 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /home%0aUse (A)uto layout, (E)dit auto layout, or create (C)ustom layout? [a] %0a@]%0a# Unless you have a specific layout in mind, type enter to use (A)uto layout. If you have special needs, consult the [[openbsd/disklabel|disklabel]] guide.\\%0a[@%0anewfs: reduced number of fragments per cylinder group from 79984 to 79352 to en%0alarge last cylinder group%0a/dev/rsd0a: 624.9MB in 1279776 sectors of 512 bytes %0a5 cylinder groups of 154.98MB, 9919 blocks, 19840 inodes each%0a/dev/rsd0k: 3873.5MB in 7932864 sectors of 512 bytes %0a...%0a/dev/sd0i (67db13a3ff84ca60.i) on /mnt/usr/src type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a/dev/sd0e (67db13a3ff84ca60.e) on /mnt/var type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a@]%0a%0a!! Installing Base Sets%0a%0a[@%0aLet's install the sets!%0aLocation of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [cd0] %0a@]%0a%0a!!! Using CD ISO%0a%0a# To use a CD ISO, type @@cd0@@. To use a flash drive, type @@disk@@. To download from the internet, type @@http@@.%0a# If you choose to use @@cd0@@:%0a[@%0aLocation of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [cd0] %0aPathname to the sets? (or 'done') [7.1/amd64] %0a%0aSelect sets by entering a set name, a file name pattern or 'all'. De-select%0asets by prepending a '-', e.g.: '-game*'. Selected sets are labelled '[X]'.%0a [X] bsd [X] comp71.tgz [X] xbase71.tgz [X] xserv71.tgz%0a [X] bsd.rd [X] man71.tgz [X] xshare71.tgz%0a [X] base71.tgz [X] game71.tgz [X] xfont71.tgz%0aSet name(s)? (or 'abort' or 'done') [done] %0aDirectory does not contain SHA256.sig. Continue without verification? [no] yes %0a@]%0a# If using the default ISO, the default pathname will be @@7.1/amd64@@. You may need to replace @@amd64@@ with your specific architecture.%0a# If you're using CD, please [[signify/verify|verify the ISO]] before you install. Once you have done this, you can then install without verification. If you are using @@HTTP@@, you '''must''' verify the sets to be safe. Do not use unverified sets over @@HTTP@@.\\%0a# OpenBSD has [[openbsd/base|base sets]], which are default software that is included with the installation image. Base software is audited and maintained by the OpenBSD team.%0a# In the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|OpenBSD FAQ]]:%0a -> New users are recommended to install all of them.%0a -> Some libraries from xbase71.tgz, like freetype or fontconfig, can be used outside of X by programs that manipulate text or graphics. Such programs will usually need fonts, either from xfont71.tgz or font packages. For the sake of simplicity, the developers decided against maintaining a minimal xbase71.tgz set that would allow most non-X ports to run.%0a -> If you chose to skip some file sets at install time, you might realize later that you really do need them after all. Simply boot bsd.rd from your root file system and choose (U)pgrade. When you get to the list of file sets, select the ones you need.%0a# The X sets are often needed even if you don't run X. If you skip it now, you may later need to reboot the server and run [[openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] to upgrade the installation. This would require downtime. The X packages are only a few hundred megabytes and present minimal security risk so long as X is disabled.%0a%0a!! Using HTTP%0a%0a# If you choose to use @@http@@:%0a[@%0aLocation of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [cd0] http%0aHTTP proxy URL? (e.g. 'http://proxy:8080', or 'none') [none] %0aHTTP Server? (hostname, list#, 'done' or '?') ?%0aHTTP Server? (hostname, list#, 'done' or '?') [mirror.esc7.net] %0aServer directory? [pub/OpenBSD/7.1/amd64] %0a%0aSelect sets by entering a set name, a file name pattern or 'all'. De-select%0asets by prepending a '-', e.g.: '-game*'. Selected sets are labelled '[X]'.%0a [X] bsd [X] comp71.tgz [X] xbase71.tgz [X] xserv71.tgz%0a [X] bsd.rd [X] man71.tgz [X] xshare71.tgz%0a [X] base71.tgz [X] game71.tgz [X] xfont71.tgz%0aSet name(s)? (or 'abort' or 'done') [done] %0a@]%0a# Unless you have specifically configured an HTTP proxy, you can leave the setting as @@none@@.%0a# For @@HTTP Server@@, type @@?@@ to see a list of possible servers. Here, we select @@mirror.esc7.net@@ because it is closest to where our server is located.%0a# The Server directory should be left at its default @@pub/OpenBSD/7.1/amd64@@. You may need to replace @@amd64@@ with your specific architecture.%0a# '''NOTE''': If you choose @@http@@, it will need proper networking (including DNS). At times, DNS may not be properly configured, such as if you are using [[unbound/configure|unbound]]. There is a way to bypass normal DNS resolution: instead of using a hostname like @@example.com@@, use an IPv4 address like @@192.0.2.1@@.\\%0a# Select all the sets, then enter @@done@@.%0a%0a!!! Using Disk%0a%0a# If you choose to use @@disk@@, type @@disk@@:%0a[@%0aLocation of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [http] disk%0aIs the disk partition already mounted? [yes] no%0aAvailable disks are: sd0 sd1.%0aWhich disk contains the install media? (or 'done') [sd0] %0a@]%0a# Select the disk with install media.%0a%0a!! Install and Reboot%0a%0a[@%0aInstalling bsd 100%25 |**************************| 22339 KB 00:03 %0aInstalling bsd.rd 100%25 |**************************| 4498 KB 00:00 %0aInstalling base71.tgz 81%25 |********************* | 270 MB 00:19 ETA%0a...%0a@]%0a# Once installation is complete, type @@done@@ for @@Location of sets@@:%0a[@%0aLocation of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [done] %0a@]%0a# Set the timezone (make it match your physical location).%0a[@%0aTime appears wrong. Set to 'Sun Apr 24 17:30:42 EDT 2022'? [yes] %0aSaving configuration files... done.%0aMaking all device nodes... done.%0aCannot fetch http://firmware.openbsd.org/firmware/7.1/SHA256.sig (timed out)%0afw_update: added none; updated none; kept none%0aRelinking to create unique kernel... done.%0a%0aCONGRATULATIONS! Your OpenBSD install has been successfully completed!%0a%0aWhen you login to your new system the first time, please read your mail%0ausing the 'mail' command.%0a@]%0a# Restart the VPS.%0a[@%0aExit to (S)hell, (H)alt or (R)eboot? [reboot] %0a@]%0a
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diff:1650837347:1650836693:=157,160c157%0a%3c %0a%3c !!! Using CD ISO%0a%3c %0a%3c # To use a CD ISO, type @@cd0@@. To use a flash drive, type @@disk@@. To download from the internet, type @@http@@.%0a---%0a> # To use a CD-ROM ISO, type @@cd0@@. To use a flash drive, type @@disk@@. To download from the internet, type @@http@@.%0a182,184d178%0a%3c %0a%3c !! Using HTTP%0a%3c %0a205,208c199%0a%3c %0a%3c !!! Using Disk%0a%3c %0a%3c # If you choose to use @@disk@@, type @@disk@@:%0a---%0a> # If you choose to use @@disk@@:%0a212c203%0a%3c Available disks are: sd0 sd1.%0a---%0a> Available disks are: sd0.%0a217,218d207%0a%3c !! Install and Reboot%0a%3c %0a223d211%0a%3c ...%0a225c213,216%0a%3c # Once installation is complete, type @@done@@ for @@Location of sets@@:%0a---%0a> # Once you are done formatting disks, press enter for done.\\%0a> # Type enter for done.%0a> # Type enter to reboot.\\%0a> %0a229d219%0a%3c # Set the timezone (make it match your physical location).%0a230a221%0a> # Set the timezone (make it match your physical location).%0a231a223,225%0a> @]%0a> %0a> [@%0a241a236,237%0a> %0a> Exit to (S)hell, (H)alt or (R)eboot? [reboot] %0a242a239%0a> %0a244,246d240%0a%3c [@%0a%3c Exit to (S)hell, (H)alt or (R)eboot? [reboot] %0a%3c @]%0a
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diff:1650836693:1650836448:=230,237c230%0a%3c Relinking to create unique kernel... done.%0a%3c %0a%3c CONGRATULATIONS! Your OpenBSD install has been successfully completed!%0a%3c %0a%3c When you login to your new system the first time, please read your mail%0a%3c using the 'mail' command.%0a%3c %0a%3c Exit to (S)hell, (H)alt or (R)eboot? [reboot] %0a---%0a> Relinking to create unique kernel...%0a
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diff:1650836448:1650836373:=216d215%0a%3c %0a218c217%0a%3c Location of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [done] %0a---%0a> What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [US/Eastern] %0a220d218%0a%3c [@%0a222,232d219%0a%3c Time appears wrong. Set to 'Sun Apr 24 17:30:42 EDT 2022'? [yes] %0a%3c @]%0a%3c %0a%3c [@%0a%3c Saving configuration files... done.%0a%3c Making all device nodes... done.%0a%3c Cannot fetch http://firmware.openbsd.org/firmware/7.1/SHA256.sig (timed out)%0a%3c fw_update: added none; updated none; kept none%0a%3c Relinking to create unique kernel...%0a%3c @]%0a%3c %0a
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diff:1650836373:1650835701:=27a28,30%0a> %0a> Welcome to the OpenBSD/amd64 7.1 installation program.%0a> (I)nstall, (U)pgrade, (A)utoinstall or (S)hell?%0a29,31c32,33%0a%3c %0a%3c !! Installation%0a%3c %0a---%0a> # Type @@i@@ for install\\%0a> # '''NOTE''': At any time during the installation, if you make a mistake, you can type @@ctrl+c@@ to cancel the install process. Then, press @@ctrl+d@@ to bring back the installation options.\\%0a33,38d34%0a%3c Welcome to the OpenBSD/amd64 7.1 installation program.%0a%3c (I)nstall, (U)pgrade, (A)utoinstall or (S)hell?%0a%3c @]%0a%3c # Type @@i@@ for install%0a%3c # '''NOTE''': At any time during the installation, if you make a mistake, you can type @@ctrl+c@@ to cancel the install process. Then, press @@ctrl+d@@ to bring back the installation options.\\%0a%3c [@%0a51,53d46%0a%3c %0a%3c !! Configuring Networking%0a%3c %0a58c51%0a%3c # If you're installing for a virtual machine, you are likely using [[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio0]] for your network interface (short for VirtIO). If you are using some other interface (like [[https://man.openbsd.org/em|em0)]], you may want to change the networking device to VirtIO.\\%0a---%0a> # If you're installing for a virtual machine, you are likely using [[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio0]] for your network interface (short for VirtIO). If you are using some other interface (like [[https://man.openbsd.org/em|em0)]], you may want to change the networking device to VirtIO.%0a75c68%0a%3c # Your IPv6 prefix length may not be the same as your subnet length. Please double check both carefully.\\%0a---%0a> # Your IPv6 prefix length may not be the same as your subnet length. Please double check both carefully.%0a81,86c74%0a%3c # Common [[dns/overview|DNS nameservers]] include 8.8.8.8 from Google, 1.1.1.1 from Cloudflare, and 9.9.9.9 from Quad9.%0a%3c # Eventually, we recommend setting up your own [[unbound/configure|unbound caching name server]] for independence. If using unbound, you would use 127.0.0.1 as your nameserver.%0a%3c # '''NOTE''': If you use 127.0.0.1, you will not be able to download packages for installation without using the trick described below.\\%0a%3c %0a%3c !! User Management%0a%3c %0a---%0a> # Common [[dns/overview|DNS nameservers]] include 8.8.8.8 from Google, 1.1.1.1 from Cloudflare, and 9.9.9.9 from Quad9. Eventually, we recommend setting up your own [[unbound/configure|unbound caching name server]] for independence. If using unbound, you would use 127.0.0.1 as your nameserver. '''NOTE''': If you use 127.0.0.1, you will not be able to download packages for installation without using the trick described below.%0a91c79%0a%3c # Type in your root password twice. Note that your password will '''NOT''' be printed on the screen. It is invisible to improve security.\\%0a---%0a> # Type in your root password twice. Note that your password will '''NOT''' be printed on the screen. It is invisible to improve security.%0a98c86%0a%3c # You will need to start sshd by default to remotely administer the system. For the other settings, accept the default.\\%0a---%0a> # You will need to start sshd by default to remotely administer the system. For the other settings, accept the default.%0a107,110c95%0a%3c # Create a username so you can avoid logging in as root. Don't allow root ssh login; disabling it will help improve security.\\%0a%3c %0a%3c !! Partitioning Disks%0a%3c %0a---%0a> # Create a username so you can avoid logging in as root. Don't allow root ssh login; disabling it will help improve security.%0a115c100%0a%3c # Press @@?@@ to see information about available disks.%0a---%0a> # Press ? to see information about available disks.%0a146c131,152%0a%3c ...%0a---%0a> 20 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a> /dev/rsd0d: 879.8MB in 1801888 sectors of 512 bytes %0a> 5 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a> /dev/rsd0f: 2449.8MB in 5017152 sectors of 512 bytes %0a> 13 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a> /dev/rsd0g: 668.9MB in 1369984 sectors of 512 bytes %0a> 4 cylinder groups of 167.23MB, 10703 blocks, 21440 inodes each%0a> /dev/rsd0h: 2448.7MB in 5014912 sectors of 512 bytes %0a> 13 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a> /dev/rsd0j: 5499.9MB in 11263808 sectors of 512 bytes %0a> 28 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a> /dev/rsd0i: 1690.0MB in 3461024 sectors of 512 bytes%0a> 9 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a> /dev/rsd0e: 1314.7MB in 2692544 sectors of 512 bytes %0a> 7 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a> /dev/sd0a (67db13a3ff84ca60.a) on /mnt type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local)%0a> /dev/sd0k (67db13a3ff84ca60.k) on /mnt/home type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a> /dev/sd0d (67db13a3ff84ca60.d) on /mnt/tmp type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a> /dev/sd0f (67db13a3ff84ca60.f) on /mnt/usr type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev)%0a> /dev/sd0g (67db13a3ff84ca60.g) on /mnt/usr/X11R6 type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev)%0a> /dev/sd0h (67db13a3ff84ca60.h) on /mnt/usr/local type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev)%0a> /dev/sd0j (67db13a3ff84ca60.j) on /mnt/usr/obj type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a148a155,157%0a> %0a> Let's install the sets!%0a> Location of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [cd0] %0a150,152c159,160%0a%3c %0a%3c !! Installing Base Sets%0a%3c %0a---%0a> # To use a CD-ROM ISO, type @@cd0@@. To use a flash drive, type @@disk@@. To download from the internet, type @@http@@.%0a> # If you choose to use @@cd0@@:%0a154d161%0a%3c Let's install the sets!%0a156,160d162%0a%3c @]%0a%3c # To use a CD-ROM ISO, type @@cd0@@. To use a flash drive, type @@disk@@. To download from the internet, type @@http@@.%0a%3c # If you choose to use @@cd0@@:%0a%3c [@%0a%3c Location of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [cd0] %0a178c180%0a%3c # The X sets are often needed even if you don't run X. If you skip it now, you may later need to reboot the server and run [[openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] to upgrade the installation. This would require downtime. The X packages are only a few hundred megabytes and present minimal security risk so long as X is disabled.%0a---%0a> # Install all the sets. Don't skip the X sets because they are often needed even if you don't run X. If you skip it now, it will require you to reboot the server and run [[openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] to upgrade the installation. This would be a waste of time with no benefit. The X packages are only a few hundred megabytes and present minimal security risk so long as X is disabled.%0a
027
2022-04-25
diff:1650835701:1650835400:=24c24,71%0a%3c ...%0a---%0a> entry point at 0xffffffff81001000%0a> Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993%0a> The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.%0a> Copyright (c) 1995-2022 OpenBSD. All rights reserved. https://www.OpenBSD.org%0a> %0a> OpenBSD 7.1 (RAMDISK_CD) #440: Mon Apr 11 18:09:13 MDT 2022%0a> deraadt@amd64.openbsd.org:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/RAMDISK_CD%0a> real mem = 1056948224 (1007MB)%0a> avail mem = 1020956672 (973MB)%0a> random: good seed from bootblocks%0a> mainbus0 at root%0a> bios0 at mainbus0: SMBIOS rev. 2.4 @ 0xf3f40 (10 entries)%0a> bios0: vendor SeaBIOS version "1.11.0p3-OpenBSD-vmm" date 01/01/2011%0a> bios0: OpenBSD VMM%0a> acpi at bios0 not configured%0a> cpu0 at mainbus0: (uniprocessor)%0a> cpu0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2630 0 @ 2.30GHz, 2301.90 MHz, 06-2d-07%0a> cpu0: FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,CX8,SEP,PGE,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CFLUSH,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SSE3,PCLMUL,SSSE3,CX16,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,POPCNT,AES,XSAVE,AVX,HV,NXE,PAGE1GB,LONG,LAHF,ITSC,MD_CLEAR,MELTDOWN%0a> cpu0: 256KB 64b/line 8-way L2 cache%0a> cpu0: using VERW MDS workaround%0a> pvbus0 at mainbus0: OpenBSD%0a> pci0 at mainbus0 bus 0%0a> pchb0 at pci0 dev 0 function 0 "OpenBSD VMM Host" rev 0x00%0a> virtio0 at pci0 dev 1 function 0 "Qumranet Virtio RNG" rev 0x00%0a> viornd0 at virtio0%0a> virtio0: irq 3%0a> virtio1 at pci0 dev 2 function 0 "Qumranet Virtio Network" rev 0x00%0a> vio0 at virtio1: address de:4b:aa:66:8f:53%0a> virtio1: irq 5%0a> virtio2 at pci0 dev 3 function 0 "Qumranet Virtio Storage" rev 0x00%0a> vioblk0 at virtio2%0a> scsibus0 at vioblk0: 1 targets%0a> sd0 at scsibus0 targ 0 lun 0: %3cVirtIO, Block Device, >%0a> sd0: 20480MB, 512 bytes/sector, 41943040 sectors%0a> virtio2: irq 6%0a> virtio3 at pci0 dev 4 function 0 "Qumranet Virtio SCSI" rev 0x00%0a> vioscsi0 at virtio3: qsize 128%0a> scsibus1 at vioscsi0: 1 targets%0a> cd0 at scsibus1 targ 0 lun 0: %3cOpenBSD, VMM CD-ROM, 001> removable%0a> virtio3: irq 7%0a> virtio4 at pci0 dev 5 function 0 "OpenBSD VMM Control" rev 0x00%0a> vmmci0 at virtio4%0a> virtio4: irq 9%0a> isa0 at mainbus0%0a> com0 at isa0 port 0x3f8/8 irq 4: ns8250, no fifo%0a> com0: console%0a> softraid0 at root%0a> scsibus2 at softraid0: 256 targets%0a
030
2022-04-25
diff:1650835400:1650835199:=3,6c3,4%0a%3c This is a quick [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|install guide]] for [[https://openbsd.org/71.html|OpenBSD 7.1]].%0a%3c %0a%3c !! Before You Begin%0a%3c %0a---%0a> This is a quick install guide for OpenBSD 7.1.%0a> %0a9,11c7,8%0a%3c !! Booting from ISO%0a%3c %0a%3c # First, you'll want to boot up from the install ISO. Make sure you [[signify/verify|verify the ISO]] before you install. Please consult the [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]], [[vmctl/usage|OpenBSD VMM]], or the [[Openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] install guides.\\%0a---%0a> # First, you'll want to boot up from the install ISO. Please consult the [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]], [[vmctl/usage|OpenBSD VMM]], or the [[Openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] install guides.%0a> %0a89c86%0a%3c # If you're using [[vmm/configure|OpenBSD's VMM]], press enter to use the default terminal type (vt220).\\%0a---%0a> # If you're using [[vmm/configure|OpenBSD's VMM]], press enter to use the default terminal type (vt220).%0a
033
2022-04-25
diff:1650835199:1650834902:=259c259,262%0a%3c # Once you are done formatting disks, press enter for done.\\%0a---%0a> %0a> %0a> #Once you are done formatting disks, press enter for done.\\%0a> Attach:install68-14.png%0a261a265,270%0a> Attach:install68-15.png%0a> # Power off the VPS and make sure to boot from the hard drive. You may need to go to [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]]'s [[https://manage.buyvm.net|web panel]] to fix this.%0a> %0a> %0a> %0a> # No, you not want to run X Windows by default. You will install the X packages but enabling X windows is a security risk given that you are working on a headless (no GUI) server.%0a266d274%0a%3c # Restart the VPS.%0a
036
2022-04-25
diff:1650834902:1650834529:=244,245d243%0a%3c # Select all the sets, then enter @@done@@.%0a%3c # If you choose to use @@disk@@:%0a252,260d249%0a%3c # Select the disk with install media.%0a%3c %0a%3c [@%0a%3c Installing bsd 100%25 |**************************| 22339 KB 00:03 %0a%3c Installing bsd.rd 100%25 |**************************| 4498 KB 00:00 %0a%3c Installing base71.tgz 81%25 |********************* | 270 MB 00:19 ETA%0a%3c @]%0a%3c %0a%3c %0a
039
2022-04-25
diff:1650834529:1650833823:=203a204%0a> # OpenBSD has [[openbsd/base|base sets]], which are default software that is included with the installation image. Base software is audited and maintained by the OpenBSD team.%0a218,224d218%0a%3c # If you're using CD, please [[signify/verify|verify the ISO]] before you install. Once you have done this, you can then install without verification. If you are using @@HTTP@@, you '''must''' verify the sets to be safe. Do not use unverified sets over @@HTTP@@.\\%0a%3c # OpenBSD has [[openbsd/base|base sets]], which are default software that is included with the installation image. Base software is audited and maintained by the OpenBSD team.%0a%3c # In the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|OpenBSD FAQ]]:%0a%3c -> New users are recommended to install all of them.%0a%3c -> Some libraries from xbase71.tgz, like freetype or fontconfig, can be used outside of X by programs that manipulate text or graphics. Such programs will usually need fonts, either from xfont71.tgz or font packages. For the sake of simplicity, the developers decided against maintaining a minimal xbase71.tgz set that would allow most non-X ports to run.%0a%3c -> If you chose to skip some file sets at install time, you might realize later that you really do need them after all. Simply boot bsd.rd from your root file system and choose (U)pgrade. When you get to the list of file sets, select the ones you need.%0a%3c # Install all the sets. Don't skip the X sets because they are often needed even if you don't run X. If you skip it now, it will require you to reboot the server and run [[openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] to upgrade the installation. This would be a waste of time with no benefit. The X packages are only a few hundred megabytes and present minimal security risk so long as X is disabled.%0a242a237,241%0a> # In the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|OpenBSD FAQ]]:%0a> -> New users are recommended to install all of them.%0a> -> Some libraries from xbase71.tgz, like freetype or fontconfig, can be used outside of X by programs that manipulate text or graphics. Such programs will usually need fonts, either from xfont71.tgz or font packages. For the sake of simplicity, the developers decided against maintaining a minimal xbase71.tgz set that would allow most non-X ports to run.%0a> -> If you chose to skip some file sets at install time, you might realize later that you really do need them after all. Simply boot bsd.rd from your root file system and choose (U)pgrade. When you get to the list of file sets, select the ones you need.%0a> # Install all the sets. Don't skip the X sets because they are often needed even if you don't run X. If you skip it now, it will require you to reboot the server and run [[openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] to upgrade the installation. This would be a waste of time with no benefit. The X packages are only a few hundred megabytes and present no security risk so long as X is disabled.%0a243a243,244%0a> # If you're using CD, please [[signify/verify|verify the ISO]] before you install. Once you have done this, you can then install without verification. If you are using @@HTTP@@, you '''must''' verify the sets to be safe. Do not use unverified sets over @@HTTP@@.\\%0a> %0a249a251%0a> %0a
042
2022-04-25
diff:1650833823:1650833383:=242,243c242,243%0a%3c # '''NOTE''': If you choose @@http@@, it will need proper networking (including DNS). At times, DNS may not be properly configured, such as if you are using [[unbound/configure|unbound]]. There is a way to bypass normal DNS resolution: instead of using a hostname like @@example.com@@, use an IPv4 address like @@192.0.2.1@@.\\%0a%3c # If you're using CD, please [[signify/verify|verify the ISO]] before you install. Once you have done this, you can then install without verification. If you are using @@HTTP@@, you '''must''' verify the sets to be safe. Do not use unverified sets over @@HTTP@@.\\%0a---%0a> # '''NOTE''': If you choose @@http@@, it will need proper networking (including DNS). At times, DNS may not be properly configured, such as if you are using [[unbound/configure|unbound]]. There is a way to bypass normal DNS resolution: instead of using a hostname like example.com, use its IPv4 address @@192.0.2.1@@.\\%0a> # If you're using CD, hopefully you verified the ISO before you installed. You can continue without verification. If you are using HTTP, you '''must''' verify the sets to be safe. Do not use unverified sets over HTTP.\\%0a
045
2022-04-25
diff:1650833383:1650832870:=238,242c238,243%0a%3c -> New users are recommended to install all of them.%0a%3c -> Some libraries from xbase71.tgz, like freetype or fontconfig, can be used outside of X by programs that manipulate text or graphics. Such programs will usually need fonts, either from xfont71.tgz or font packages. For the sake of simplicity, the developers decided against maintaining a minimal xbase71.tgz set that would allow most non-X ports to run.%0a%3c -> If you chose to skip some file sets at install time, you might realize later that you really do need them after all. Simply boot bsd.rd from your root file system and choose (U)pgrade. When you get to the list of file sets, select the ones you need.%0a%3c # Install all the sets. Don't skip the X sets because they are often needed even if you don't run X. If you skip it now, it will require you to reboot the server and run [[openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] to upgrade the installation. This would be a waste of time with no benefit. The X packages are only a few hundred megabytes and present no security risk so long as X is disabled.%0a%3c # '''NOTE''': If you choose @@http@@, it will need proper networking (including DNS). At times, DNS may not be properly configured, such as if you are using [[unbound/configure|unbound]]. There is a way to bypass normal DNS resolution: instead of using a hostname like example.com, use its IPv4 address @@192.0.2.1@@.\\%0a---%0a> # New users are recommended to install all of them.%0a> # Some libraries from xbase71.tgz, like freetype or fontconfig, can be used outside of X by programs that manipulate text or graphics. Such programs will usually need fonts, either from xfont71.tgz or font packages. For the sake of simplicity, the developers decided against maintaining a minimal xbase71.tgz set that would allow most non-X ports to run.%0a> # If you chose to skip some file sets at install time, you might realize later that you really do need them after all. Simply boot [[openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] from your root file system and choose (U)pgrade. When you get to the list of file sets, select the ones you need.%0a> # '''NOTE''': If you download from the internet, sometimes DNS will not work properly. There is a trick -- instead of using a hostname like ftp4.usa.openbsd.org, use its IPv4 address 66.111.2.37.\\%0a> # The pathname to the sets should be 6.8/amd64. Nothing to change so just press enter.%0a> # Install all the sets. Do '''not''' skip the X sets because they are often needed even if you run headless (without a GUI). If you skip it now, you may eventually have to reboot the server and install it later -- a huge waste of time with no benefit. The X packages are only a few hundred megabytes and present no security risk so long as X is disabled.%0a
048
2022-04-25
diff:1650832870:1650818405:=203,240c203,204%0a%3c # To use a CD-ROM ISO, type @@cd0@@. To use a flash drive, type @@disk@@. To download from the internet, type @@http@@.%0a%3c # OpenBSD has [[openbsd/base|base sets]], which are default software that is included with the installation image. Base software is audited and maintained by the OpenBSD team.%0a%3c # If you choose to use @@cd0@@:%0a%3c [@%0a%3c Location of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [cd0] %0a%3c Pathname to the sets? (or 'done') [7.1/amd64] %0a%3c %0a%3c Select sets by entering a set name, a file name pattern or 'all'. De-select%0a%3c sets by prepending a '-', e.g.: '-game*'. Selected sets are labelled '[X]'.%0a%3c [X] bsd [X] comp71.tgz [X] xbase71.tgz [X] xserv71.tgz%0a%3c [X] bsd.rd [X] man71.tgz [X] xshare71.tgz%0a%3c [X] base71.tgz [X] game71.tgz [X] xfont71.tgz%0a%3c Set name(s)? (or 'abort' or 'done') [done] %0a%3c Directory does not contain SHA256.sig. Continue without verification? [no] yes %0a%3c @]%0a%3c # If using the default ISO, the default pathname will be @@7.1/amd64@@. You may need to replace @@amd64@@ with your specific architecture.%0a%3c # If you choose to use @@http@@:%0a%3c [@%0a%3c Location of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [cd0] http%0a%3c HTTP proxy URL? (e.g. 'http://proxy:8080', or 'none') [none] %0a%3c HTTP Server? (hostname, list#, 'done' or '?') ?%0a%3c HTTP Server? (hostname, list#, 'done' or '?') [mirror.esc7.net] %0a%3c Server directory? [pub/OpenBSD/7.1/amd64] %0a%3c %0a%3c Select sets by entering a set name, a file name pattern or 'all'. De-select%0a%3c sets by prepending a '-', e.g.: '-game*'. Selected sets are labelled '[X]'.%0a%3c [X] bsd [X] comp71.tgz [X] xbase71.tgz [X] xserv71.tgz%0a%3c [X] bsd.rd [X] man71.tgz [X] xshare71.tgz%0a%3c [X] base71.tgz [X] game71.tgz [X] xfont71.tgz%0a%3c Set name(s)? (or 'abort' or 'done') [done] %0a%3c @]%0a%3c # Unless you have specifically configured an HTTP proxy, you can leave the setting as @@none@@.%0a%3c # For @@HTTP Server@@, type @@?@@ to see a list of possible servers. Here, we select @@mirror.esc7.net@@ because it is closest to where our server is located.%0a%3c # The Server directory should be left at its default @@pub/OpenBSD/7.1/amd64@@. You may need to replace @@amd64@@ with your specific architecture.%0a%3c # In the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|OpenBSD FAQ]]:%0a%3c # New users are recommended to install all of them.%0a%3c # Some libraries from xbase71.tgz, like freetype or fontconfig, can be used outside of X by programs that manipulate text or graphics. Such programs will usually need fonts, either from xfont71.tgz or font packages. For the sake of simplicity, the developers decided against maintaining a minimal xbase71.tgz set that would allow most non-X ports to run.%0a%3c # If you chose to skip some file sets at install time, you might realize later that you really do need them after all. Simply boot [[openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] from your root file system and choose (U)pgrade. When you get to the list of file sets, select the ones you need.%0a---%0a> # To use a CD-ROM ISO, type cd0. To use a flash drive, type disk. To download from the internet, type http.%0a> # OpenBSD has [[openbsd/base|base sets]], which is the default software that comes included with the installation image. Base software is audited and maintained by the OpenBSD team.%0a241a206%0a> Attach:install68-10.png%0a245,251d209%0a%3c %0a%3c [@%0a%3c Location of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [http] disk%0a%3c Is the disk partition already mounted? [yes] no%0a%3c Available disks are: sd0.%0a%3c Which disk contains the install media? (or 'done') [sd0] %0a%3c @]%0a
051
2022-04-25
diff:1650818405:1650818018:=168a169%0a> Attach:install68-8.png%0a203,205c204,209%0a%3c # To use a CD-ROM ISO, type cd0. To use a flash drive, type disk. To download from the internet, type http.%0a%3c # OpenBSD has [[openbsd/base|base sets]], which is the default software that comes included with the installation image. Base software is audited and maintained by the OpenBSD team.%0a%3c # '''NOTE''': If you download from the internet, sometimes DNS will not work properly. There is a trick -- instead of using a hostname like ftp4.usa.openbsd.org, use its IPv4 address 66.111.2.37.\\%0a---%0a> # Installing the sets%0a> # OpenBSD has a concept of base sets, which includes the default software with each install.%0a> # If you used a CD-ROM ISO, type cd0.%0a> # If you used a flash drive, type disk.%0a> # If you want to download from the internet, type http.%0a> # '''NOTE''': If you download from the internet, sometimes DNS will not work properly. There is a trick -- instead of using a hostname like ftp4.usa.openbsd.org, use its IPv4 address 66.111.2.37.\\%0a
054
2022-04-25
diff:1650818018:1650817733:=143,146d142%0a%3c @]%0a%3c # Press ? to see information about available disks.%0a%3c # Select the correct disk. '''WARNING''': Selecting the wrong disk may erase data forever!\\%0a%3c [@%0a148,151c144%0a%3c Use (W)hole disk MBR, whole disk (G)PT or (E)dit? [whole]%0a%3c @]%0a%3c # You are encouraged to read up on [[openbsd/fdisk|fdisk]] and [[openbsd/disklabel|disklabel]]. If this is a fresh install and you have no important data on the disk, accept the default (W)hole Disk.\\%0a%3c [@%0a---%0a> Use (W)hole disk MBR, whole disk (G)PT or (E)dit? [whole] W%0a168,169c161%0a%3c # Unless you have a specific layout in mind, type enter to use (A)uto layout. If you have special needs, consult the [[openbsd/disklabel|disklabel]] guide.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-8.png%0a---%0a> # Type enter, you want to start sshd by default (or else you would be unable to log in).%0a203a196,209%0a> # No, you not want to run X Windows by default. You will install the X packages but enabling X windows is a security risk given that you are working on a headless (no GUI) server.%0a> [@%0a> What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [US/Eastern] %0a> @]%0a> # Set the timezone (make it match your physical location).%0a> # Press ? to see information about available disks.%0a> # Select the correct disk. '''WARNING''': Be very careful! Selecting the wrong disk may erase data forever!\\%0a> Attach:install68-6.png%0a> #You may want to read up on [[openbsd/fdisk|fdisk]] and [[openbsd/disklabel|disklabel]]. For a simple install, type W to use the (W)hole Disk.\\%0a> Attach:install68-7.png%0a> #For a simple install, type enter to use (A)uto layout. If you have special needs, read up on [[openbsd/disklabel|disklabel]].\\%0a> Attach:install68-8.png%0a> #Once you are done formatting disks, press enter for done.\\%0a> Attach:install68-9.png%0a214,215d219%0a%3c %0a%3c #Once you are done formatting disks, press enter for done.\\%0a221,228d224%0a%3c %0a%3c %0a%3c %0a%3c # No, you not want to run X Windows by default. You will install the X packages but enabling X windows is a security risk given that you are working on a headless (no GUI) server.%0a%3c [@%0a%3c What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [US/Eastern] %0a%3c @]%0a%3c # Set the timezone (make it match your physical location).%0a
057
2022-04-25
diff:1650817733:1650817112:minor=139c139%0a%3c # Create a username so you can avoid logging in as root. Don't allow root ssh login; disabling it will help improve security.%0a---%0a> # Create a username so you can avoid logging in as root. You can then disable root from logging in via ssh. That will help improve security.%0a
060
2022-04-25
diff:1650817112:1650814203:=133,135c133,135%0a%3c Full name for user username? [username]%0a%3c Password for user username? (will not echo)%0a%3c Password for user username? (again)%0a---%0a> Full name for user jrmu? [username]%0a> Password for user jrmu? (will not echo)%0a> Password for user jrmu? (again)%0a139d138%0a%3c # Create a username so you can avoid logging in as root. You can then disable root from logging in via ssh. That will help improve security.%0a196a196,197%0a> # Enter your username, type in a name, then type the password twice.%0a> # Don't allow root ssh login. Press enter.%0a
063
2022-04-25
diff:1650814203:1650813916:=118c118%0a%3c # Common [[dns/overview|DNS nameservers]] include 8.8.8.8 from Google, 1.1.1.1 from Cloudflare, and 9.9.9.9 from Quad9. Eventually, we recommend setting up your own [[unbound/configure|unbound caching name server]] for independence. If using unbound, you would use 127.0.0.1 as your nameserver. '''NOTE''': If you use 127.0.0.1, you will not be able to download packages for installation without using the trick described below.%0a---%0a> # Common DNS nameservers include 8.8.8.8 from Google, 1.1.1.1 from Cloudflare, and 9.9.9.9 from Quad9. Unfortunately, these have ties with Silicon Valley. We recommend setting up your own [[unbound/configure|unbound caching name server]]. If using unbound, you would use 127.0.0.1 as your nameserver. '''NOTE''': If you use 127.0.0.1, you will not be able to download packages for installation without using the trick described below.%0a122,124d121%0a%3c @]%0a%3c # Type in your root password twice. Note that your password will '''NOT''' be printed on the screen. It is invisible to improve security.%0a%3c [@%0a129,131d125%0a%3c @]%0a%3c # You will need to start sshd by default to remotely administer the system. For the other settings, accept the default.%0a%3c [@%0a138a133%0a> # Type in your root password twice.%0a
069
2022-04-25
diff:1650813877:1650813268:=88c88%0a%3c System hostname? (short form, e.g. 'foo') subdomain%0a---%0a> System hostname? (short form, e.g. 'foo')%0a95c95%0a%3c # If you're installing for a virtual machine, you are likely using [[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio0]] for your network interface (short for VirtIO). If you are using some other interface (like [[https://man.openbsd.org/em|em0)]], you may want to change the networking device to VirtIO.%0a---%0a> # If you're installing for a virtual machine, you are likely using vio0 for your network interface. If so, configure the [[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio0 interface]] (short for VirtIO). If you are using some other interface (like [[https://man.openbsd.org/em|em0)]], you may want to change the networking devices.%0a109,111c109,111%0a%3c # Your IP addresses, prefix length, and default gateway should be in your registration email or your provider's web panel. Type in [[IP/Myaddress|your IPv4 and IPv6 addresses]] here.%0a%3c # autoconf (using DHCP) is not recommended. Unlike with [[hostnameif/static|static networking]], DHCP allocates IP addresses dynamically. Sometimes, routers can can change your address during a reboot, causing your DNS records to be invalid, and your users unable to connect.%0a%3c # If you chose autoconf by accident, it can be fixed later. You can either type ctrl+c to cancel installation, then ctrl+d to restart installation, or you can finish installation, then follow the [[hostnameif/static|static networking]] guide. %0a---%0a> # The information for your addresses, prefix length, and default gateway should be in your registration email. Your provider's web panel may also have this information. Type in [[IP/Myaddress|your IPv4 and IPv6 addresses]] here.%0a> # autoconf (using DHCP) is not recommended. Unlike with [[hostnameif/static|static networking]], DHCP allocates IP addresses dynamically. Sometimes, routers can change your addresses during a reboot, causing your users to be unable to connect.%0a> # Don't worry if you chose autoconf by accident. It is possible to correct this by reconfiguring the VPS to use [[hostnameif/static|static networking]]. %0a
072
2022-04-25
diff:1650813268:1650813121:minor=7,8c7%0a%3c # First, you'll want to boot up from the install ISO. Please consult the [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]], [[vmctl/usage|OpenBSD VMM]], or the [[Openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] install guides.%0a%3c %0a---%0a> # First, you'll want to boot up from the install ISO. Please consult the [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]], [[vps/intro|VMM]], and [[Openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] install guides.%0a
075
2022-04-25
diff:1650813121:1650786353:minor=5c5%0a%3c '''NOTE''': This guide is '''no''' substitute for reading the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/|OpenBSD FAQ]]. In particular, you should read the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|Installation Guide]] and the [[https://www.openbsd.org/71.html|release notes for 7.1]].%0a---%0a> '''NOTE''': This guide is '''no''' substitute for reading the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/|OpenBSD FAQ]]. In particular, you should read the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|Installation Guide]]%0a
078
2022-04-25
diff:1650786353:1650786201:=155,188d154%0a%3c [@%0a%3c newfs: reduced number of fragments per cylinder group from 79984 to 79352 to en%0a%3c large last cylinder group%0a%3c /dev/rsd0a: 624.9MB in 1279776 sectors of 512 bytes %0a%3c 5 cylinder groups of 154.98MB, 9919 blocks, 19840 inodes each%0a%3c /dev/rsd0k: 3873.5MB in 7932864 sectors of 512 bytes %0a%3c 20 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a%3c /dev/rsd0d: 879.8MB in 1801888 sectors of 512 bytes %0a%3c 5 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a%3c /dev/rsd0f: 2449.8MB in 5017152 sectors of 512 bytes %0a%3c 13 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a%3c /dev/rsd0g: 668.9MB in 1369984 sectors of 512 bytes %0a%3c 4 cylinder groups of 167.23MB, 10703 blocks, 21440 inodes each%0a%3c /dev/rsd0h: 2448.7MB in 5014912 sectors of 512 bytes %0a%3c 13 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a%3c /dev/rsd0j: 5499.9MB in 11263808 sectors of 512 bytes %0a%3c 28 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a%3c /dev/rsd0i: 1690.0MB in 3461024 sectors of 512 bytes%0a%3c 9 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a%3c /dev/rsd0e: 1314.7MB in 2692544 sectors of 512 bytes %0a%3c 7 cylinder groups of 202.50MB, 12960 blocks, 25920 inodes each%0a%3c /dev/sd0a (67db13a3ff84ca60.a) on /mnt type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local)%0a%3c /dev/sd0k (67db13a3ff84ca60.k) on /mnt/home type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a%3c /dev/sd0d (67db13a3ff84ca60.d) on /mnt/tmp type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a%3c /dev/sd0f (67db13a3ff84ca60.f) on /mnt/usr type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev)%0a%3c /dev/sd0g (67db13a3ff84ca60.g) on /mnt/usr/X11R6 type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev)%0a%3c /dev/sd0h (67db13a3ff84ca60.h) on /mnt/usr/local type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev)%0a%3c /dev/sd0j (67db13a3ff84ca60.j) on /mnt/usr/obj type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a%3c /dev/sd0i (67db13a3ff84ca60.i) on /mnt/usr/src type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a%3c /dev/sd0e (67db13a3ff84ca60.e) on /mnt/var type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid)%0a%3c %0a%3c Let's install the sets!%0a%3c Location of sets? (cd0 disk http nfs or 'done') [cd0] %0a%3c @]%0a
081
2022-04-25
diff:1650786201:1650785073:=119,122c119,122%0a%3c Password for root account? (will not echo)%0a%3c Password for root account? (again)%0a%3c Start sshd(8) by default? [yes]%0a%3c Change the default console to com0? [yes]%0a---%0a> Password for root account? (will not echo) %0a> Password for root account? (again) %0a> Start sshd(8) by default? [yes] %0a> Change the default console to com0? [yes] %0a124c124%0a%3c Which speed should com0 use? (or 'done') [115200]%0a---%0a> Which speed should com0 use? (or 'done') [115200] %0a126,128c126,128%0a%3c Full name for user jrmu? [username]%0a%3c Password for user jrmu? (will not echo)%0a%3c Password for user jrmu? (again)%0a---%0a> Full name for user jrmu? [username] %0a> Password for user username? (will not echo) %0a> Password for user username? (again) %0a130c130%0a%3c Allow root ssh login? (yes, no, prohibit-password) [no]%0a---%0a> Allow root ssh login? (yes, no, prohibit-password) [no] %0a133,153d132%0a%3c [@%0a%3c Available disks are: sd0.%0a%3c Which disk is the root disk? ('?' for details) [sd0] %0a%3c No valid MBR or GPT.%0a%3c Use (W)hole disk MBR, whole disk (G)PT or (E)dit? [whole] W%0a%3c Setting OpenBSD MBR partition to whole sd0...done.%0a%3c The auto-allocated layout for sd0 is:%0a%3c # size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg]%0a%3c a: 624.9M 64 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /%0a%3c b: 1029.8M 1279840 swap %0a%3c c: 20480.0M 0 unused %0a%3c d: 879.8M 3388864 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /tmp%0a%3c e: 1314.7M 5190752 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /var%0a%3c f: 2449.8M 7883296 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr%0a%3c g: 668.9M 12900448 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr/X11R6%0a%3c h: 2448.7M 14270432 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr/local%0a%3c i: 1690.0M 19285344 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr/src%0a%3c j: 5499.9M 22746368 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /usr/obj%0a%3c k: 3873.5M 34010176 4.2BSD 2048 16384 1 # /home%0a%3c Use (A)uto layout, (E)dit auto layout, or create (C)ustom layout? [a] %0a%3c @]%0a158,161c137%0a%3c [@%0a%3c What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [US/Eastern] %0a%3c @]%0a%3c # Set the timezone (make it match your physical location).%0a---%0a> # Set the timezone (matching the server's physical location).%0a
084
2022-04-25
diff:1650785073:1650784822:=118,131d117%0a%3c [@%0a%3c Password for root account? (will not echo) %0a%3c Password for root account? (again) %0a%3c Start sshd(8) by default? [yes] %0a%3c Change the default console to com0? [yes] %0a%3c Available speeds are: 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200.%0a%3c Which speed should com0 use? (or 'done') [115200] %0a%3c Setup a user? (enter a lower-case loginname, or 'no') [no] username%0a%3c Full name for user jrmu? [username] %0a%3c Password for user username? (will not echo) %0a%3c Password for user username? (again) %0a%3c WARNING: root is targeted by password guessing attacks, pubkeys are safer.%0a%3c Allow root ssh login? (yes, no, prohibit-password) [no] %0a%3c @]%0a
087
2022-04-25
diff:1650784822:1650784085:=97c97%0a%3c IPv6 address for vio0? (or 'autoconf' or 'none') [none] 2001:db8:abcd::1%0a---%0a> IPv6 address for vio0? (or 'autoconf' or 'none') [none] 2001:db8::%0a103,105d102%0a%3c 1) none%0a%3c IPv6 default router? (list #, IPv6 address or 'none') 2001:db8::1%0a%3c add net default: gateway 2602:fccf:1::1%0a107c104%0a%3c # For server hosting, it's recommended that you statically assign the IPv4 address rather than relying on autoconf, which uses [[dhclient/configure|DHCP]].%0a---%0a> # For server hosting, it's recommended that you statically assign the IPv4 address rather than relying on [[dhclient/configure|DHCP]].%0a109,117c106,118%0a%3c # autoconf (using DHCP) is not recommended. Unlike with [[hostnameif/static|static networking]], DHCP allocates IP addresses dynamically. Sometimes, routers can change your addresses during a reboot, causing your users to be unable to connect.%0a%3c # Don't worry if you chose autoconf by accident. It is possible to correct this by reconfiguring the VPS to use [[hostnameif/static|static networking]]. %0a%3c # Your IPv6 prefix length may not be the same as your subnet length. Please double check both carefully.%0a%3c [@%0a%3c DNS domain name? (e.g. 'example.com') [my.domain] example.com%0a%3c DNS nameservers? (IP address list or 'none') [none] 8.8.8.8%0a%3c @]%0a%3c # The DNS domain name will be the rest of your fully qualified domain name once you skip the subdomain. If your full hostname is @@subdomain.example.com@@, it would be @@example.com@@.%0a%3c # Common DNS nameservers include 8.8.8.8 from Google, 1.1.1.1 from Cloudflare, and 9.9.9.9 from Quad9. Unfortunately, these have ties with Silicon Valley. We recommend setting up your own [[unbound/configure|unbound caching name server]]. If using unbound, you would use 127.0.0.1 as your nameserver. '''NOTE''': If you use 127.0.0.1, you will not be able to download packages for installation without using the trick described below.%0a---%0a> # DHCP is not recommended. Unlike with [[hostnameif/static|static networking]], DHCP allocates IP addresses dynamically. Sometimes, routers can change your addresses during a reboot, causing your users to be unable to connect.%0a> # Don't worry if you chose DHCP by accident. It is possible to correct this by reconfiguring the VPS to use [[hostnameif/static|static networking]]. %0a> # Leave the [[Openbsd/netmask|netmask]] as 255.255.255.0%0a> # Don't use autoconf. Instead, manually type in your IPv6 addresses.%0a> # BuyVM's IPv6 prefix length is 48, not 64. Coconut's is 64.%0a> # Press enter when done.\\%0a> Attach:install68-4.png%0a> # BuyVM's default IPv4 route is just the same as your IPv4 address but the last number replaced with 1. So for example, if you had the IP address 192.168.0.14, the default gateway would be 192.168.0.1. The default gateway will be specified in your email.%0a> # For BuyVM, the default router for subnets inside 2605:6400:0010/48 is 2605:6400:0010::1. Otherwise, the default gateway will be specified in your email.%0a> # Press enter when done.\\%0a> Attach:install68-5.png%0a> # DNS domain name will be either ircnow.org or the domain you purchased.%0a> # DNS nameservers: You can use 8.8.8.8 from Google, 1.1.1.1 from Cloudflare, 9.9.9.9 from the [[https://servers.opennic.org/|OpenNIC servers]], or 127.0.0.1 if you configure [[Openbsd/unbound|unbound]] right after installation. '''NOTE''': If you use 127.0.0.1, you will not be able to download packages for installation without using the trick described below.%0a
090
2022-04-25
diff:1650784085:1650783380:=94,107c94,96%0a%3c # If you're installing for a virtual machine, you are likely using vio0 for your network interface. If so, configure the [[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio0 interface]] (short for VirtIO). If you are using some other interface (like [[https://man.openbsd.org/em|em0)]], you may want to change the networking devices.%0a%3c [@%0a%3c IPv4 address for vio0? (or 'autoconf' or 'none') [autoconf] 192.0.2.2%0a%3c IPv6 address for vio0? (or 'autoconf' or 'none') [none] 2001:db8::%0a%3c IPv6 prefix length for vio0? [64] 48%0a%3c Available network interfaces are: vio0 vlan0.%0a%3c Which network interface do you wish to configure? (or 'done') [done] %0a%3c Default IPv4 route? (IPv4 address or none) 192.0.2.1%0a%3c add net default: gateway 192.0.2.1%0a%3c @]%0a%3c # For server hosting, it's recommended that you statically assign the IPv4 address rather than relying on [[dhclient/configure|DHCP]].%0a%3c # The information for your addresses, prefix length, and default gateway should be in your registration email. Your provider's web panel may also have this information. Type in [[IP/Myaddress|your IPv4 and IPv6 addresses]] here.%0a%3c # DHCP is not recommended. Unlike with [[hostnameif/static|static networking]], DHCP allocates IP addresses dynamically. Sometimes, routers can change your addresses during a reboot, causing your users to be unable to connect.%0a%3c # Don't worry if you chose DHCP by accident. It is possible to correct this by reconfiguring the VPS to use [[hostnameif/static|static networking]]. %0a---%0a> # If you're installing for a virtual machine, you are likely using vio0 for your network interface. If so, configure the [[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio0 interface]] (short for VirtIO). If you are using some other interface (like [[https://man.openbsd.org/em|em0)]], you may want to change the networking devices. [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]]'s [[https://manage.buyvm.net|web panel]].%0a> # Press enter to use the default keyboard layout.%0a> # Don't use DHCP. Instead, check BuyVM's web panel for the IPv4 address and enter it manually. Don't worry if you chose DHCP by accident, though. It is always possible to later reconfigure the VPS to use [[Openbsd/staticnet|static networking]]. The benefit of using static networking is that your IPs are guaranteed not to change. DHCP allocates the IP addresses dynamically and sometimes routers can change your addresses during a reboot, causing your users to be unable to connect.%0a
093
2022-04-25
diff:1650783380:1650782853:=86,94d85%0a%3c [@%0a%3c System hostname? (short form, e.g. 'foo')%0a%3c @]%0a%3c # Type in your system hostname. It is usually a single word. For example, if your full domain name is @@subdomain.example.com@@, type in @@subdomain@@.%0a%3c [@%0a%3c Available network interfaces are: vio0 vlan0.%0a%3c Which network interface do you wish to configure? (or 'done') [vio0] %0a%3c @]%0a%3c # If you're installing for a virtual machine, you are likely using vio0 for your network interface. If so, configure the [[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio0 interface]] (short for VirtIO). If you are using some other interface (like [[https://man.openbsd.org/em|em0)]], you may want to change the networking devices. [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]]'s [[https://manage.buyvm.net|web panel]].%0a95a87,88%0a> # Your system hostname is probably a fruit.%0a> # Configure the vio0 interface ([[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio]] is short for VirtIO). If you lack vio0 and have some other interface (like em0), you may want to change the networking drivers in [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]]'s [[https://manage.buyvm.net|web panel]].%0a
096
2022-04-25
diff:1650782853:1650781702:=8,15d7%0a%3c [@%0a%3c CD-ROM: E0%0a%3c Loading /7.1/AMD64/CDBOOT%0a%3c probing: pc0 com0 mem[638K 1022M a20=on]%0a%3c disk: hd0+* cd0%0a%3c >> OpenBSD/amd64 CDBOOT 3.53%0a%3c boot>%0a%3c @]%0a17,74c9,11%0a%3c [@%0a%3c cannot open cd0a:/etc/random.seed: No such file or directory%0a%3c booting cd0a:/7.1/amd64/bsd.rd: 3891908+1614848+3895112+0+708608 [109+435984+290736]=0xa57ab0%0a%3c entry point at 0xffffffff81001000%0a%3c Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993%0a%3c The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.%0a%3c Copyright (c) 1995-2022 OpenBSD. All rights reserved. https://www.OpenBSD.org%0a%3c %0a%3c OpenBSD 7.1 (RAMDISK_CD) #440: Mon Apr 11 18:09:13 MDT 2022%0a%3c deraadt@amd64.openbsd.org:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/RAMDISK_CD%0a%3c real mem = 1056948224 (1007MB)%0a%3c avail mem = 1020956672 (973MB)%0a%3c random: good seed from bootblocks%0a%3c mainbus0 at root%0a%3c bios0 at mainbus0: SMBIOS rev. 2.4 @ 0xf3f40 (10 entries)%0a%3c bios0: vendor SeaBIOS version "1.11.0p3-OpenBSD-vmm" date 01/01/2011%0a%3c bios0: OpenBSD VMM%0a%3c acpi at bios0 not configured%0a%3c cpu0 at mainbus0: (uniprocessor)%0a%3c cpu0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2630 0 @ 2.30GHz, 2301.90 MHz, 06-2d-07%0a%3c cpu0: FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,CX8,SEP,PGE,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CFLUSH,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SSE3,PCLMUL,SSSE3,CX16,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,POPCNT,AES,XSAVE,AVX,HV,NXE,PAGE1GB,LONG,LAHF,ITSC,MD_CLEAR,MELTDOWN%0a%3c cpu0: 256KB 64b/line 8-way L2 cache%0a%3c cpu0: using VERW MDS workaround%0a%3c pvbus0 at mainbus0: OpenBSD%0a%3c pci0 at mainbus0 bus 0%0a%3c pchb0 at pci0 dev 0 function 0 "OpenBSD VMM Host" rev 0x00%0a%3c virtio0 at pci0 dev 1 function 0 "Qumranet Virtio RNG" rev 0x00%0a%3c viornd0 at virtio0%0a%3c virtio0: irq 3%0a%3c virtio1 at pci0 dev 2 function 0 "Qumranet Virtio Network" rev 0x00%0a%3c vio0 at virtio1: address de:4b:aa:66:8f:53%0a%3c virtio1: irq 5%0a%3c virtio2 at pci0 dev 3 function 0 "Qumranet Virtio Storage" rev 0x00%0a%3c vioblk0 at virtio2%0a%3c scsibus0 at vioblk0: 1 targets%0a%3c sd0 at scsibus0 targ 0 lun 0: %3cVirtIO, Block Device, >%0a%3c sd0: 20480MB, 512 bytes/sector, 41943040 sectors%0a%3c virtio2: irq 6%0a%3c virtio3 at pci0 dev 4 function 0 "Qumranet Virtio SCSI" rev 0x00%0a%3c vioscsi0 at virtio3: qsize 128%0a%3c scsibus1 at vioscsi0: 1 targets%0a%3c cd0 at scsibus1 targ 0 lun 0: %3cOpenBSD, VMM CD-ROM, 001> removable%0a%3c virtio3: irq 7%0a%3c virtio4 at pci0 dev 5 function 0 "OpenBSD VMM Control" rev 0x00%0a%3c vmmci0 at virtio4%0a%3c virtio4: irq 9%0a%3c isa0 at mainbus0%0a%3c com0 at isa0 port 0x3f8/8 irq 4: ns8250, no fifo%0a%3c com0: console%0a%3c softraid0 at root%0a%3c scsibus2 at softraid0: 256 targets%0a%3c root on rd0a swap on rd0b dump on rd0b%0a%3c WARNING: CHECK AND RESET THE DATE!%0a%3c erase ^?, werase ^W, kill ^U, intr ^C, status ^T%0a%3c %0a%3c Welcome to the OpenBSD/amd64 7.1 installation program.%0a%3c (I)nstall, (U)pgrade, (A)utoinstall or (S)hell?%0a%3c @]%0a---%0a> Attach:install68-1.png%0a> # '''NOTE''': At any time during the installation, if you make a mistake, you can type ctrl+c to cancel the install process. Then, press ctrl+d to bring back the installation options.\\%0a> Attach:install68-2.png%0a76,85c13%0a%3c # '''NOTE''': At any time during the installation, if you make a mistake, you can type @@ctrl+c@@ to cancel the install process. Then, press @@ctrl+d@@ to bring back the installation options.\\%0a%3c [@%0a%3c At any prompt except password prompts you can escape to a shell by%0a%3c typing '!'. Default answers are shown in []'s and are selected by%0a%3c pressing RETURN. You can exit this program at any time by pressing%0a%3c Control-C, but this can leave your system in an inconsistent state.%0a%3c %0a%3c Terminal type? [vt220] %0a%3c @]%0a%3c # If you're using [[vmm/configure|OpenBSD's VMM]], press enter to use the default terminal type (vt220).%0a---%0a> Attach:install68-3.png%0a
099
2022-04-25
diff:1650781702:1650350772:=1,58c1%0a%3c (:title OpenBSD 7.1 Install Guide:)%0a%3c %0a%3c This is a quick install guide for OpenBSD 7.1.%0a%3c %0a%3c '''NOTE''': This guide is '''no''' substitute for reading the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/|OpenBSD FAQ]]. In particular, you should read the [[https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html|Installation Guide]]%0a%3c %0a%3c # First, you'll want to boot up from the install ISO. Please consult the [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]], [[vps/intro|VMM]], and [[Openbsd/bsdrd|bsd.rd]] install guides.%0a%3c # At bootup, type @@boot@@, then press enter. Or wait a few seconds to boot automatically.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-1.png%0a%3c # '''NOTE''': At any time during the installation, if you make a mistake, you can type ctrl+c to cancel the install process. Then, press ctrl+d to bring back the installation options.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-2.png%0a%3c # Type @@i@@ for install\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-3.png%0a%3c # Press enter to use the default keyboard layout.%0a%3c # Your system hostname is probably a fruit.%0a%3c # Configure the vio0 interface ([[https://man.openbsd.org/vio|vio]] is short for VirtIO). If you lack vio0 and have some other interface (like em0), you may want to change the networking drivers in [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]]'s [[https://manage.buyvm.net|web panel]].%0a%3c # Don't use DHCP. Instead, check BuyVM's web panel for the IPv4 address and enter it manually. Don't worry if you chose DHCP by accident, though. It is always possible to later reconfigure the VPS to use [[Openbsd/staticnet|static networking]]. The benefit of using static networking is that your IPs are guaranteed not to change. DHCP allocates the IP addresses dynamically and sometimes routers can change your addresses during a reboot, causing your users to be unable to connect.%0a%3c # Leave the [[Openbsd/netmask|netmask]] as 255.255.255.0%0a%3c # Don't use autoconf. Instead, manually type in your IPv6 addresses.%0a%3c # BuyVM's IPv6 prefix length is 48, not 64. Coconut's is 64.%0a%3c # Press enter when done.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-4.png%0a%3c # BuyVM's default IPv4 route is just the same as your IPv4 address but the last number replaced with 1. So for example, if you had the IP address 192.168.0.14, the default gateway would be 192.168.0.1. The default gateway will be specified in your email.%0a%3c # For BuyVM, the default router for subnets inside 2605:6400:0010/48 is 2605:6400:0010::1. Otherwise, the default gateway will be specified in your email.%0a%3c # Press enter when done.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-5.png%0a%3c # DNS domain name will be either ircnow.org or the domain you purchased.%0a%3c # DNS nameservers: You can use 8.8.8.8 from Google, 1.1.1.1 from Cloudflare, 9.9.9.9 from the [[https://servers.opennic.org/|OpenNIC servers]], or 127.0.0.1 if you configure [[Openbsd/unbound|unbound]] right after installation. '''NOTE''': If you use 127.0.0.1, you will not be able to download packages for installation without using the trick described below.%0a%3c # Type in your root password twice.%0a%3c # Type enter, you want to start sshd by default (or else you would be unable to log in).%0a%3c # No, you not want to run X Windows by default. You will install the X packages but enabling X windows is a security risk given that you are working on a headless (no GUI) server.%0a%3c # Enter your username, type in a name, then type the password twice.%0a%3c # Don't allow root ssh login. Press enter.%0a%3c # Set the timezone (matching the server's physical location).%0a%3c # Press ? to see information about available disks.%0a%3c # Select the correct disk. '''WARNING''': Be very careful! Selecting the wrong disk may erase data forever!\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-6.png%0a%3c #You may want to read up on [[openbsd/fdisk|fdisk]] and [[openbsd/disklabel|disklabel]]. For a simple install, type W to use the (W)hole Disk.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-7.png%0a%3c #For a simple install, type enter to use (A)uto layout. If you have special needs, read up on [[openbsd/disklabel|disklabel]].\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-8.png%0a%3c #Once you are done formatting disks, press enter for done.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-9.png%0a%3c # Installing the sets%0a%3c # OpenBSD has a concept of base sets, which includes the default software with each install.%0a%3c # If you used a CD-ROM ISO, type cd0.%0a%3c # If you used a flash drive, type disk.%0a%3c # If you want to download from the internet, type http.%0a%3c # '''NOTE''': If you download from the internet, sometimes DNS will not work properly. There is a trick -- instead of using a hostname like ftp4.usa.openbsd.org, use its IPv4 address 66.111.2.37.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-10.png%0a%3c # The pathname to the sets should be 6.8/amd64. Nothing to change so just press enter.%0a%3c # Install all the sets. Do '''not''' skip the X sets because they are often needed even if you run headless (without a GUI). If you skip it now, you may eventually have to reboot the server and install it later -- a huge waste of time with no benefit. The X packages are only a few hundred megabytes and present no security risk so long as X is disabled.%0a%3c # If you're using CD, hopefully you verified the ISO before you installed. You can continue without verification. If you are using HTTP, you '''must''' verify the sets to be safe. Do not use unverified sets over HTTP.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-14.png%0a%3c # Type enter for done.%0a%3c # Type enter to reboot.\\%0a%3c Attach:install68-15.png%0a%3c # Power off the VPS and make sure to boot from the hard drive. You may need to go to [[Openbsd/buyvm|BuyVM]]'s [[https://manage.buyvm.net|web panel]] to fix this.%0a---%0a> (:redirect openbsd/install69:)%0a