1 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu version=pmwiki-2.2.130 ordered=1 urlencoded=1
2 1aa6a89b 2022-01-16 jrmu agent=w3m/0.5.3+git20210102
4 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu charset=UTF-8
6 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu ctime=1612418196
7 1aa6a89b 2022-01-16 jrmu host=38.87.162.8
8 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu name=Dns.FQDN
10 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu targets=Dns.Registrars,Dns.Zonefile,Dns.Records,Openbsd.Vhost,Openbsd.Dig,Openbsd.Host,Openbsd.Nsd,Openbsd.Unbound
11 1aa6a89b 2022-01-16 jrmu text=(:title Fully Qualified Domain Name:)%0a%0aA Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) is a domain that is identified all the way up to root.%0a%0aRemember, the very top level of the domain name system is root, a simple period: . After that comes the top-level domain like com., net., and org., and after that comes the second-level domain you purchase at a [[dns/registrars|registrar]] like ircnow.org.%0a%0aFor example, example.com. is a FQDN because it has a period at the very end. On the other hand, example.com is not a FQDN because it lacks the period at the very end.%0a%0aIn short: '''Look for the dot at the end!'''%0a%0a!! $ORIGIN%0a%0a[[dns/zonefile|Zone files]] automatically append the $ORIGIN at the end of every name in a zone file unless it is a FQDN. For example, this zone file snippet does something completely unexpected:%0a%0a[@%0a$ORIGIN example.com.%0awww.example.com IN A 10.0.0.1%0a@]%0a%0aThe name server will append example.com to the end of www.example.com to give you www.example.com.example.com. Instead of defining www.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1, it defines www.example.com.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1. That's probably '''NOT''' what you want.%0a%0aThe reason why the zone file appends $ORIGIN to the end of every name is to make it easier to write the zone file using shorthand:%0a%0a[@%0a$ORIGIN example.com.%0awww IN A 10.0.0.1%0a@]%0a%0aHere, instead of defining www's IP to be 10.0.0.1 (which would be impossible anyway since we don't own the www top level domain), the name server will append $ORIGIN at the end of www. This means that www.example.com's IP is 10.0.0.1.%0a%0aAny name you see in a zone file will automatically be appended with the current $ORIGIN unless it's a FQDN (unless it has a period at the end). For example:%0a%0a[@%0a$ORIGIN example.com.%0a IN NS ns1%0a IN NS ns2%0awww IN A 10.0.0.1%0ans1 IN A 10.0.0.2%0ans2 IN A 10.0.0.3%0airc IN CNAME www%0amail IN CNAME mail.ircnow.org.%0a@]%0a%0aWhen there is no name entry at all but a name is still needed, the previous name is used. If there is no previous name, $ORIGIN is used. So the [[dns/records|NS record]] for the 'blank' name means that example.com.'s nameservers are ns1.example.com. and ns2.example.com. These have IPs 10.0.0.2 and 10.0.0.3.%0a%0awww.example.com. has IP 10.0.0.1, and irc.example.com. has a [[dns/records|CNAME record]] that points to www.example.com. So, irc.example.com. also has IP 10.0.0.1.%0a%0amail.example.com, however, has a CNAME which points to the FQDN mail.ircnow.org. $ORIGIN is not appended here because there is a dot at the very end.%0a%0a|| [[dns/records|DNS Records]] || [[dns/zonefile|DNS Zone Files]] || [[openbsd/vhost|vhost]] || [[openbsd/dig]] || [[openbsd/host]] ||%0a|| [[openbsd/unbound]] || [[openbsd/nsd|NSD]] ||%0a
12 1aa6a89b 2022-01-16 jrmu time=1642284990
13 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu title=Fully Qualified Domain Name
14 1aa6a89b 2022-01-16 jrmu author:1642284990=jrmu
15 1aa6a89b 2022-01-16 jrmu diff:1642284990:1612420273:=44,45c44,45%0a%3c When there is no name entry at all but a name is still needed, the previous name is used. If there is no previous name, $ORIGIN is used. So the [[dns/records|NS record]] for the 'blank' name means that example.com.'s nameservers are ns1.example.com. and ns2.example.com. These have IPs 10.0.0.2 and 10.0.0.3.%0a%3c %0a---%0a> When there is no name entry at all but a name is still needed, $ORIGIN is used. So the [[dns/records|NS record]] for the 'blank' name means that example.com.'s nameservers are ns1.example.com. and ns2.example.com. These have IPs 10.0.0.2 and 10.0.0.3.%0a> %0a51c51%0a%3c || [[openbsd/unbound]] || [[openbsd/nsd|NSD]] ||%0a---%0a> || [[openbsd/unbound]] || [[openbsd/nsd|NSD]] ||%0a\ No newline at end of file%0a
16 1aa6a89b 2022-01-16 jrmu host:1642284990=38.87.162.8
17 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612420273=jrmu
18 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612420273:1612420226:=48c48%0a%3c mail.example.com, however, has a CNAME which points to the FQDN mail.ircnow.org. $ORIGIN is not appended here because there is a dot at the very end.%0a---%0a> mail.example.com however has a CNAME which points to the FQDN mail.ircnow.org. $ORIGIN is not appended here because there is a dot at the very end.%0a
19 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612420273=198.251.81.119
20 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612420226=jrmu
21 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612420226:1612420104:=44c44%0a%3c When there is no name entry at all but a name is still needed, $ORIGIN is used. So the [[dns/records|NS record]] for the 'blank' name means that example.com.'s nameservers are ns1.example.com. and ns2.example.com. These have IPs 10.0.0.2 and 10.0.0.3.%0a---%0a> When there is no name entry at all but a name is still needed, $ORIGIN is used. So the nameserver record for the 'blank' name means that example.com.'s nameservers are ns1.example.com. and ns2.example.com. These have IPs 10.0.0.2 and 10.0.0.3.%0a
22 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612420226=198.251.81.119
23 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612420104=jrmu
24 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612420104:1612420014:=5c5%0a%3c Remember, the very top level of the domain name system is root, a simple period: . After that comes the top-level domain like com., net., and org., and after that comes the second-level domain you purchase at a [[dns/registrars|registrar]] like ircnow.org.%0a---%0a> Remember, the very top level of the domain name system is root, a simple period: . After that comes the top-level domain like com., net., and org., and after that comes the second-level domain you purchase at a [[dns/registrar|registrar]] like ircnow.org.%0a
25 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612420104=198.251.81.119
26 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612420014=jrmu
27 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612420014:1612419972:=48,51c48%0a%3c mail.example.com however has a CNAME which points to the FQDN mail.ircnow.org. $ORIGIN is not appended here because there is a dot at the very end.%0a%3c %0a%3c || [[dns/records|DNS Records]] || [[dns/zonefile|DNS Zone Files]] || [[openbsd/vhost|vhost]] || [[openbsd/dig]] || [[openbsd/host]] ||%0a%3c || [[openbsd/unbound]] || [[openbsd/nsd|NSD]] ||%0a\ No newline at end of file%0a---%0a> mail.example.com however has a CNAME which points to the FQDN mail.ircnow.org. $ORIGIN is not appended here because there is a dot at the very end.%0a\ No newline at end of file%0a
28 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612420014=198.251.81.119
29 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612419972=jrmu
30 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612419972:1612419721:=34,36c34%0a%3c $ORIGIN example.com.%0a%3c IN NS ns1%0a%3c IN NS ns2%0a---%0a> @ORIGIN example.com.%0a39a38,39%0a> IN NS ns1%0a> IN NS ns2%0a41d40%0a%3c mail IN CNAME mail.ircnow.org.%0a44,48d42%0a%3c When there is no name entry at all but a name is still needed, $ORIGIN is used. So the nameserver record for the 'blank' name means that example.com.'s nameservers are ns1.example.com. and ns2.example.com. These have IPs 10.0.0.2 and 10.0.0.3.%0a%3c %0a%3c www.example.com. has IP 10.0.0.1, and irc.example.com. has a [[dns/records|CNAME record]] that points to www.example.com. So, irc.example.com. also has IP 10.0.0.1.%0a%3c %0a%3c mail.example.com however has a CNAME which points to the FQDN mail.ircnow.org. $ORIGIN is not appended here because there is a dot at the very end.%0a\ No newline at end of file%0a
31 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612419972=198.251.81.119
32 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612419721=jrmu
33 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612419721:1612419455:=
34 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612419721=198.251.81.119
35 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612419455=jrmu
36 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612419455:1612419281:=
37 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612419455=198.251.81.119
38 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612419281=jrmu
39 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612419281:1612418860:=9,10c9,10%0a%3c In short: '''Look for the dot at the end!'''%0a%3c %0a---%0a> '''Look for the dot at the end!'''%0a> %0a13,14c13,14%0a%3c [[dns/zonefile|Zone files]] automatically append the $ORIGIN at the end of every name in a zone file unless it is a FQDN. For example, this zone file snippet does something completely unexpected:%0a%3c %0a---%0a> [[dns/zonefile|Zone files]] automatically append the $ORIGIN at the end of a zone file, so:%0a> %0a20,23c20,25%0a%3c The name server will append example.com to the end of www.example.com to give you www.example.com.example.com. Instead of defining www.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1, it defines www.example.com.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1. That's probably '''NOT''' what you want.%0a%3c %0a%3c The reason why the zone file appends $ORIGIN to the end of every name is to make it easier to write the zone file using shorthand:%0a%3c %0a---%0a> This does something completely unexpected. The name server will append example.com to the end of www.example.com to give you www.example.com.example.com.!%0a> %0a> Instead of defining www.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1, it defines www.example.com.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1.%0a> %0a> The reason why the zone file appends $ORIGIN to the end of every entry is to make it easier to write the zone file using shorthand:%0a> %0a29,42c31%0a%3c Here, instead of defining www's IP to be 10.0.0.1 (which would be impossible anyway since we don't own the www top level domain), the name server will append $ORIGIN at the end of www. This means that www.example.com's IP is 10.0.0.1.%0a%3c %0a%3c Any name you see in a zone file will automatically be appended with the current $ORIGIN unless it's a FQDN (unless it has a period at the end). For example:%0a%3c %0a%3c [@%0a%3c @ORIGIN example.com.%0a%3c www IN A 10.0.0.1%0a%3c ns1 IN A 10.0.0.2%0a%3c ns2 IN A 10.0.0.3%0a%3c IN NS ns1%0a%3c IN NS ns2%0a%3c irc IN CNAME www%0a%3c @]%0a%3c %0a---%0a> Instead of defining www's IP to be 10.0.0.1 (which would be impossible since you don't own the www top level domain), this will append $ORIGIN at the end of www to define www.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1.%0a\ No newline at end of file%0a
40 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612419281=198.251.81.119
41 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612418860=jrmu
42 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612418860:1612418196:=3,13c3,8%0a%3c A Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) is a domain that is identified all the way up to root.%0a%3c %0a%3c Remember, the very top level of the domain name system is root, a simple period: . After that comes the top-level domain like com., net., and org., and after that comes the second-level domain you purchase at a [[dns/registrar|registrar]] like ircnow.org.%0a%3c %0a%3c For example, example.com. is a FQDN because it has a period at the very end. On the other hand, example.com is not a FQDN because it lacks the period at the very end.%0a%3c %0a%3c '''Look for the dot at the end!'''%0a%3c %0a%3c !! $ORIGIN%0a%3c %0a%3c [[dns/zonefile|Zone files]] automatically append the $ORIGIN at the end of a zone file, so:%0a---%0a> A Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) is a domain where the domain is identified all the way up to root.%0a> %0a> For example, www.example.com. is a FQDN because it has a period at the very end.%0a> On the other hand, www.example.com is not a FQDN because it lacks the period at the very end.%0a> %0a> Zone files automatically append the $ORIGIN at the end of a zone file, so:%0a
43 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612418860=198.251.81.119
44 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu author:1612418196=jrmu
45 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu diff:1612418196:1612418196:=1,26d0%0a%3c (:title Fully Qualified Domain Name:)%0a%3c %0a%3c A Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) is a domain where the domain is identified all the way up to root.%0a%3c %0a%3c For example, www.example.com. is a FQDN because it has a period at the very end.%0a%3c On the other hand, www.example.com is not a FQDN because it lacks the period at the very end.%0a%3c %0a%3c Zone files automatically append the $ORIGIN at the end of a zone file, so:%0a%3c %0a%3c [@%0a%3c $ORIGIN example.com.%0a%3c www.example.com IN A 10.0.0.1%0a%3c @]%0a%3c %0a%3c This does something completely unexpected. The name server will append example.com to the end of www.example.com to give you www.example.com.example.com.!%0a%3c %0a%3c Instead of defining www.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1, it defines www.example.com.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1.%0a%3c %0a%3c The reason why the zone file appends $ORIGIN to the end of every entry is to make it easier to write the zone file using shorthand:%0a%3c %0a%3c [@%0a%3c $ORIGIN example.com.%0a%3c www IN A 10.0.0.1%0a%3c @]%0a%3c %0a%3c Instead of defining www's IP to be 10.0.0.1 (which would be impossible since you don't own the www top level domain), this will append $ORIGIN at the end of www to define www.example.com's IP to be 10.0.0.1.%0a\ No newline at end of file%0a
46 5127fd58 2021-12-17 jrmu host:1612418196=198.251.81.119
